Carcinoma of bladder: A rare case report

Bladder cancer begins after the healthy cells in bladder wall, most commonly urothelial change and grow out of control, forming a mass called tumor cells, that also line renal pelvis ureter develops type cancer, it is often upper tract cancer. A can be benign or malignant, cancerous malignant spread to other parts body, means but will not spread, these are very rare. tumors divided into 3 types based on microscopic structure cells: Urothelial carcinoma, squamous cell adenocarcinoma others include sarcoma. These cancers may two categorized as NMIBC (Non-muscle invasive cancer) MIBC (Muscle cancer). Risk factors tobacco use, age, gender, race, chemicals, chronic problems, cyclophosphamide use pioglitazone personal history, schistosomiasis, arsenic exposure, genetic syndromes. Clinical symptoms blood clots urine, pain burning micturition, frequent urination, lower back ache one side body abdomen region, hematuria. Diagnostic tests urine test, cystoscopy, biopsy, TURBT, MRI, CT (KUB), USG. Treatment includes surgical removal by BCG vaccination, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy addition palliative supportive care.